Checking the cervix is a procedure performed during a pelvic exam to determine the condition of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. The cervix produces mucus that helps sperm reach the uterus, and it also helps keep the uterus closed during pregnancy.
A closed cervix is important for preventing pregnancy and infection. If the cervix is open, sperm can enter the uterus and fertilize an egg. A closed cervix also helps to keep bacteria and other harmful substances from entering the uterus.