Public folder replication is a process used in Microsoft Exchange Server to ensure that public folders are available to users on multiple Exchange servers in a highly available environment. When public folder replication is configured, changes made to public folders on one server are automatically replicated to all other servers in the organization.
Public folder replication is important because it ensures that users can always access public folders, even if one or more servers in the organization fail. Additionally, public folder replication helps to improve performance by distributing the load of public folder access across multiple servers.