Checking gauge in knitting refers to the process of ensuring that the number of stitches and rows per inch (or centimeter) in your knitting matches the gauge specified in the pattern you are following. Matching the gauge is crucial as it determines the final size and fit of your knitted item. If your gauge is off, your finished piece may be too large or too small, or the fabric may not have the desired drape or texture.
To check gauge, you will need to knit a small swatch of the pattern stitch, using the needles and yarn specified in the pattern. Once the swatch is complete, measure it to determine the number of stitches and rows per inch (or centimeter). Compare your measurements to the gauge given in the pattern. If your gauge is different, you may need to adjust your needle size or yarn weight to achieve the correct gauge.